Eu Economic Law, Freedom of Establishment - 2454 Words

Art 49 is the base. In the handout. It talks about nationals of a MS, if you are a national of a non MS, you can’t rely on this provision. This applies to nationals of a MS or companies that are established in MS. We can’t deal with freedom of movement of companies, as that’s a highly complicated area and beyond our scope. There are a couple of logical steps in order to deduce whether there is a breach by a member state in your particular case. 1. Is the situation really one where establishment is at issue? 2. Is there a cross-border issue involved, you can only rely on the internal market rules only if you’re moving into another MS, there must be some element of moving or trying to move? This can lead to anomalies for an example†¦show more content†¦It concerned a lawyer, Mr. Klopp, a German national, a member of the Dusseldorf bar in Germany, he wanted to set up another office in Paris, in addition to his chambers in Dusseldorf. The French Bar rejected, saying that you could only have one set of chambers to join the French Bar and this bar must be in Paris. The Parisian bar argued that it was a consumer protection issue. If a client goes to an avocet, to protect the service and deal with problems, you need to be present and professional supervision require just one place of location. The court accepted that and lauded the necessity of protecting consumers, but the court held that it was disproportionate. It is not enough for the rule to be accepted in principle, it mus t also be proportional. d) Right to Equal Treatment in Accessing and Exercising a self-employed activity There is a fundamental difference in the way that the court treats direct discrimination and indirect discrimination. Direct – discriminatory on the face of the mesure Indirect – measure that doesn’t discriminate on its face but it discriminates in practice. (i) No Direct Discrimination on grounds of nationality. MS confined to express treaty derogations, PH, PS and PS Reyners [1974] Not really a problem anymore as member states have changed laws or don’t legislate foolishly anymore. (ii) No Indirect Discrimination on grounds of nationality You can rely on above exceptions plus possibility ofShow MoreRelatedEuropean Integration Through The Decades Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesIn its historical context discuss why and how the EU was set up and the advantages and disadvantages of membership. Europe was a politically and fragile continent after the Second World War that claimed millions of lives. It is in that background, that the first steps to European integration were taken with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). The celebrated Schuman Plan, laid the foundation for the first real supra-national economy in the world, that is, the ECSC.Read MoreHow European Law ( Eu And Echr ) Has An Impact On The Uk1394 Words   |  6 PagesBetter off out or in? Gaining an insight on How and Why European Law (EU and ECHR) has an impact on the UK can be challenging. Before overcoming this obstacle it is advised to acquire basic knowledge on the founding treaties and those currently in force. The sources of law and their effect will analyse, whether the UK should remain a part of the European Union or not. The end of WW2 resulted in the creation of an intergovernmental organization The United Nation, promoting Peace and Human RightsRead MoreEU Employment Law1698 Words   |  7 Pages ‘EU policies and EU legislation need to be based on objective, reliable and comparable date on the respect of fundamental rights in the EU.’ After enforcing the Charter of Fundamental rights as primary law, the national courts have been using the Charter frequently on different cases. The Charter had a great impact upon the nationals Court’s decision on protecting social rights related to employment and labour law. This essay will focus on the development of the Charter within the EU law throughRead MoreWhy European Law ( Eu And Echr ) Has An Impact On The Uk1393 Words   |  6 PagesBetter off out or in? Gaining an insight on How and Why European Law (EU and ECHR) has an impact on the UK can be challenging. Before overcoming this obstacle it is advised to acquire basic knowledge on the founding treaties and those currently in force. The sources of law and their effect will analyse, whether the UK should remain a part of the European Union or not. The end of WW2 resulted in the creation of an intergovernmental organization The United Nation, promoting Peace and Human RightsRead MoreThe Single European Market Essay2375 Words   |  10 Pages1. The Background of the Freedoms In order to understand the evolvement of the Single Market of the European Union, one has to take the general background into consideration. Therefore, it is important to have a look at the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty) which gave birth to the creation of the Single Market. Having been the Common Market before the Maastricht treaty, the European Economic Community (EEC) Treaty already clarified the objective of cooperation between member statesRead MoreThe Issue Of Privacy Laws888 Words   |  4 PagesPrivacy laws are fairly new to humanity. We can take a look at the animal world, of which humans are biologically still classified in the same taxonomy family as apes. (Groves, 2005). Wild animals have no concept of privacy and humans in the beginning didn’t either. Early humans lived in tribes and shared belongings, otherwise they wouldn’t survive. The concept of what is considered private or not, has developed as human intellect has grown. As human intellect has increased, so has advancements inRead MoreThe Application Of The Eu Competition Law1220 Words   |  5 PagesWritten work: extract from Master’s Thesis on Competition Law according to the Community ACQUIS at UNIVERSITY OF EUROPEAN STUDIES IN MOLDOVA, FACULTY OF LAW. Chapter III. The application of the EU Competition Law in the Republic of Moldova. Within the EU itself the idea of building a Single (Common) Market for goods and services, without discrimination across national borders, underpins the idea that EU Competition Law and Policy are instrumental in achieving market integration. It would be wrongRead MoreItaly : A High Standard Of Living1245 Words   |  5 PagesItaly’s mixed economy is a moderately free economy, rated 80th most free economy in the world in 2015 according to the Index of Economic Freedom (Italy, 2015). Currently, public debt is high, despite new government policies and goals to reduce debt; it has increased to 2.39 trillion USD (Totaro Salzano, 2015). Italy’s banking industry, like other counties within the EU as well as the US have taken a hit from the recession. Italy is known for its small local community banks, many are at risk ofRead MoreThe European Union1117 Words   |  5 PagesThe European Union was formed after WW2 in the late 1940s. The main purpose behind the establishment o f the European Union was to end the period of wars between neighbouring countries and unite all of Europe as one strong economy. The nations officially started joining the European Council in 1949. The initial six nations that acted as founding members for the European Union were Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and Netherland (European Commision, 2014). Overtime, more nations joined inRead MoreExecutive Summary : The United Kingdom1510 Words   |  7 Pagesstability. Since it is a member of the European Union (EU), the country presents an opportunity for the company to access more than 500 million consumers in the European market. This study recommends the establishment of a wholly owned subsidiary in the United Kingdom to improve profitability and productivity. Macro Environment The economic reforms initiated by Prime Minister Margret Thatcher since 1980’s has made the United Kingdom record steady economic growth in the 1990s. However, successive Labour

Social Media And Its Effects On Society Essay - 1416 Words

Social media sites, including Facebook, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Twitter, and Instagram, provide opportunities for people to connect with each other and have become exceedingly popular in recent years. However, there are increased numbers of mental health problems such as mood problems, emotional issues, and addiction in teenagers as they overuse social media. Advocates of social media may claim that social networking platforms benefit adolescents by increasing connectivity, helping people make friends, and giving young adults a sense of belonging. However, they overestimate the benefits of new technology and lack of consideration on the dangerous influence it has. In fact, social media generates addiction, causes feeling of inferiority, and promotes bullying that trigger bad moods and unhealthy emotion which endanger teenagers’ mental health. Social networking platform offer a convenient way for individuals to post their comments, views, personal experiences, and share their prof iles with others. Duggan and Smith (2013) interviewed 1,801 teenagers and found that 73% of respondents used various forms of social media (p. 1). Social media sites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Twitter, and Instagram, are widely used around the world, and 13- to 19-year-olds account for the largest segment of users for most social media sites (Kulraj, 2015, p. 4). In a recent poll, O’Keeffe and Clarke-Pearson (2011) analyzed the frequency of social media usage in children, adolescents,Show MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1597 Words   |  7 PagesSociety Crumbles into Smithereens One Post at a Time You are walking out of the new Star Wars movie, posting about how superb it was, when suddenly you are swooped up and thrown in the back of a vehicle. No one would have thought posting about how you were there earlier would provoke such a situation. After all, social networking is â€Å"safe† and â€Å"friendly.† Now, social media is defined as â€Å"A form of electric communication through which users create online communities to share information,† accordingRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1711 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence usually are not the first words you would expect to come to mind when thinking about the term â€Å"social media,† yet with a little digging you will soon realize it could be the perfect description. Social media can be defined as forms of electronic communication through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages and other content. Most often social media is understood as a p ositive concept because of the ways it has allowed us to attain cheap and easilyRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn a broad sense, Social media refers to elements such as websites, television, blogs, IM, and other applications that enable users to create and share various forms of content such as messages, pictures, and information, or to be able to participate in social networking. Social media depends on web-based applications, which allow a high level of virtual interaction on various levels such as social, professional, and educational levels. Social media has had various contributions to the developmentRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1592 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of vast social media networks has improved our communications and interactions. These networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are essential to how information is shared and criticized. The Social Media Handbook defines social media as â€Å"networked information services designed to support in-depth interaction, community formation, collaborative opportunities and collaborative work† (Hunsinger, 2014 p.1). Having an account or profile on these sites is more than a social norm; it is a requirementRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesPeople may say social media is good for you but is it really? Everyday, everywhere I always see people on social media calling people bad names, not being able to communicate face to face with each other. Social media, social media, social media†¦ oh what is has done to the world, so many students grades have dropped, criminals PROMOTE crimes. Ultimately, what is at stake here is social media will one day take over the world. People’s safety will be in danger, crimes will increase, people will getRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society998 Words   |  4 Pagesis bound to be a shift in social norms. As the times change, so does societal views on acceptable values. One such possibility is the standard value accepted by mainstream society in which the way a female body is sexually portrayed in the media. It appears that society has not only accepted this standard, but has increasingly encouraged a more sexualized representation of the female body. Social media is an informational highway about what is accepted by the larger society and inferred by the individualsRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Society Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has become prominent parts of life for many young people today. Most peopl e engage with social media without stopping to think what the effects are on our lives, whether positive or negative. Are we as a society becoming more concerned with Facebook friends than we are with the people we interact with face-to-face in our daily lives? What will the longterm effects of today s social media use be? There are many positive aspects, but there are equally as many dangers that come withRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1601 Words   |  7 Pagesrecent editorial titled â€Å"Hazards of Social Media† on your LinkedIn page on February 10th, 2016. It was very interesting to read your perspective on social media and its effect on society. Having an undergraduate major in Psychology at the University of Southern California and currently conducting research on social media usage at the Brain and Creativity Institute of USC, I have spent significant time researching the issue of social media.Though I agree that social media can be hazardous if not u sed effectivelyRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1151 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Media The Workplaces’ Largest Enemy Being employed means that an individual will in most cases have coworkers and bosses; the environment shared between the employees is known as the workplace. In the time before technology, people being fired from their jobs was not an unheard of situation. The difference now is people are being terminated from their jobs because of something they posted on social media. If this was not the case, it would set a precedent that posting inappropriate or hurtfulRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesIn our modern world, the use of social media is overwhelming and second nature due to the availability. Several people all around the world possess some form of an electronic device that is capable of accessing social media, rather it be Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram, and many more. â€Å"Technology’s rampant popularization over the past decade in terms of social media has meant that texting, Facebook, and Twitter have inevitable take n over as the most efficient ways of communicating with each

Huckleberry Fin Essay Example For Students

Huckleberry Fin Essay Huckleberry Finn has the great advantage of being written inautobiographical form. Every scene in the book is given, not described, and theresult is a vivid picture of Western life in the past. Before the novel begins, HuckFinn has led a life of absolute freedom. His alcoholic father was often missing andnever paid much attention to him. Since Hucks mother is dead he is not used tofollowing any rules. In the beginning, Huck is living with the Widow Douglas and hersister, Miss Watson. Both women are fairly old and have no patience to raise arebellious boy like Huck Finn. They try to make an attempt to make Huck into whatthey believe will be a better boy. Huck never really enjoys the life of manners,religion, and education that the Widow and her sister impose upon him. Huck decides to try and find freedom with his friend Tom Sawyer. A boy ofHucks age, Tom, promises Huck and other boys of the town a life of adventure. Huck really wants to join Toms Gang because he feels that if he does join he willescape the boring life he leads with the Widow Douglas. Tom Sawyer promises manythings, but unfortunately, such thing did not occur. Toms adventures turned outimaginary. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real, soalong with the other members, he resigned from the gang. Another person who tries to get Huckleberry Finn to change is Hucks father. His father is very antisocial and wishes to do all of the civilizing effects that Widowand Miss Watson have attempted to change in Huck. Pap is a mess: his hair is uncutand hangs like vines in front of his face, he is unshaven, and his skin is very pale. Paps looks reflects Hucks feelings as he demands that Huck quits school, stopsreading, and avoids church. Huck managed to stay away from h is father for a while,but Pap kidnaps him three or four months after Huck starts to live with the Widowand takes him to a lonely cabin deep in the Missouri woods. Once again, Huck enjoysthe freedom that he had in the beginning of the book. Huck soon realizes that he willhave to escape from the cabin if he wishes to remain alive. As a result, Huck makes itappear as if he was killed in the cabin while Pap was away. He leaves to go to aremote island in the Mississippi River, Jacksons Island. After, he leaves his fathers cabin Huck meets Miss Watsons slave, Jim. Huckfound Jim on Jacksons Island because the slave ran away because he overheard aconversation that he will soon be sold to New Orleans. Huck begins to realize thatJim has more talents and Intelligence than Huck. They begin to get to knoweachother as they float on a raft down the Mississippi River. Huck begins to enjoybeing with Jim and starts to care for him. In conclusion of chapter 11, Huck andJim are forced to leave Jacksons Island because Huck discovers they are looking fora runaway slave. They have a friendship that is unseperable as hey keep driftingdown the river as the novel continues. At the end of their journey, neither havinganything left to run from as Hucks father was dead and Jim was a free man. ITwould seem, then that Huck and Jim had run at thousand miles down the river andended up where they had started from. Mark Twain is saying a lot of things in the story. First, the book stands byfirmly saying slavery is bad mostly because it is hypocritical. It is well supportedconsidering Huck is able to interact with Jim as a human being, while the southernslave society treats Jim as an object. Furthermore, the southerner representations arepale in comparison to Hucks wits and intelligence. For example, when the slavecatchers who are tricked into thinking Jim is Hucks small pox riddled father, and thewhole feud thing does not show much in the line of smarts for southern slave owners. On a superfici al level Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist. The first time youread the description of Jim it is a very negative description. Although Huck is not aracist child, he has been raised by extremely racist individuals who have ingrainedsome feelings of bigotry into his mind. In chapter six, Hucks father fervently objectsto the governments granting of suffrage to an educated black professor. Twain wantsthe reader to see the absurdity in this statement. Hucks father believes that he issuperior to this black professor simply because of the color of his skin. When Huckfirst meets Jim, he makes a enormous decision, not to turn Jim in. Many timesthroughout the novel Huck comes very close to rationalizing Jims slavery. However,he is never able to see a reason why this man who has become on of his only friends,should be a slave. Through this struggle, Twain expresses his opinions of theabsurdity of slavery and the importance of following ones personal consciencebefore the laws of society . In my opinion, Mark Twain is using race as a singleelement in his entire picture of the hypocrisy in his society. He isnt showing that thewhole race issue as much as he is showing the society he lives in. He uses race todemonstrate the hypocrisy of the rich and the middle class, among other things. Whatother way does he show this then by demonstrating the facets of a society of snobbylandowners then by showing the vulgarity of their vocabulary. The dialects of thepeople, white and black, what a study they are; and yet nobody talks for the sake ofexhibiting a dialect. For instance, when they say Niger. If Mark Twain is sayinganything about race, he is making an allegorical statement complaining that the civilwar did not end slavery. Also, that living conditions are still undesirable for mostblacks. For example, when Jim was free for over two weeks, he suffered mostly whenhe had his freedom. Huck has an struggle with is conscience in regard to slavery. His conscience tells him to he lp the runaway to escape and to aid in stealing theproperty of Miss Watson, who has never injured him. It is an enormous offense thatwill definitely carry him to the bad place; but his feelings for Jim finally induces himto violate his conscience and risk eternal punishment in helping Jim to escape. Thewhole study of Hucks moral nature is as serious as it is amusing. His confusion ofwrong as right and his abnormal mendacity, could be followed to his training frombirth, is a singular contribution to the investigation of human nature. Mark Twains next statement about society is Religion. The hypocrisy ofreligion comes when Miss Watson, because of her religion, treats blacks as objectseven though the bible says that people should be treated equally. He also puts ascene in at the church, where the Shepard sons and Grangerfords have gathered tohear a sermon about brotherly love. Well at the sermon both families have guns intheir hands and kill eachother after the service is through. Both the King and theDuke showed a ridiculous degree of corruptness that it is difficult to believe that allhumans arent at least somewhat evil. Another point made by the author is when Col. .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .postImageUrl , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:hover , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:visited , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:active { border:0!important; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:active , .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5b077b831fb729b325b14049fdbd56ff:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human rights in tibet EssaySherbun shot the drunk Boggs and the townsfolk came after Sherbun to murder him. After Sherbun, one man with only a shotgun, held off the immense mob and madethem disperse, it was obvious that no individual really had the courage to go throughthe murder. The idea that people are basically savages, confined for the moment bysociety, is shown in more than one instance, such as when the war between theShephardsons and the Grangerfords. The aspect of people being basically hypocritesis seen at the beginning when Miss Watson displays a degree of hypocritically oninsisting that Huck follow the Widow and become civilized, while at the same time deciding to sell Jim into a hard life down the river,. A final point seems to be thatMan is continually fleeing from something. Mark Twain put a main character whorejects religion, yet Huck, for the most part, has the clearest view of society. Theirjourney down the river sets the stage for most of Mark Twains comments about manand society. It is when they stop off at various towns along the river that varioushuman character flaws always seem to come out. For example, the happenings thatoccurred after the bringing on of the Duke and the King. These two con artists wouldexecute the most foolish of schemes to relieve unsuspecting townspeople of their cash. The fact that, after being taken by a poor show they sent rave reviews of it to theirfriends to avoid admitting they had been conned showed that people in groups areafraid of losing position, and will do nearly anything to protect such. Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted;persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find aplot in it will be shot. That quote proves that there is neither a motive, moral, nor aplot. You have to put the pieces to the puzzle by your own thoughts. The warning inthe book is that persons attempting to seek a moral in the story should be banished. Mark Twain turns his knowledge of Western dialects to account. He knows thatchildren will not read a dull book. He never makes a dull one. In my opinion, I thinkthat he made the story to make people confused. He didnt want anyone to know amoral to the story. Maybe he even thought his book would sell more by writing thatquote. Authors have many ideas in their minds and they have many ways to confuseyou and make you curious. When it came to a point to figure out the moral, it madeyou more confused than anything. There were so many things. For example,religion, racism, abuse, and many other things. There is very little of literary art inthe story. Book Reports

Charlemagne and the Christian Campaign free essay sample

An analysis of the rise of Charlemagne onto the European stage, his consolidation of autocracy and the partnership with the Christian church. Charlemagne was one of the greatest emperors that Europe has ever seen and this paper details how he came to power, what it took to stay in power, and how he lost his power. Included is his involvement with the Church and the first Crusades to spread Catholicism. During the reign of Charlemagne, from 768 to 814 A.D., the growth of the Church in the west gained increasing power over its eastern counterparts. Charlemagne, the son of Pepin the Short, was indoctrinated with the Christian religion early in his life, and as a result he grew to become the leading proponent of Christian belief throughout the west. He continued the role of papal protector in Italy and his fathers policy of territorial conquest in the north. After defeating King Desiderius and the Lombards in 774 he crowned himself King of the Lombards. We will write a custom essay sample on Charlemagne and the Christian Campaign or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He began to increase the size of his kingdom by forcibly converting pagans into Christianity. His most difficult conquest was converting the Saxons into loyal Christian citizens. Thus, after thirty-three years of war the Saxons accepted Charlemagnes terms and renounced their religion and customs and adopted those of Christianity, while those that refused were relocated throughout Gaul and Germany. In 800 A.D. on Christmas day Pope Leo III, who was imprisoned by the Roman aristocracy a year earlier but escaped to the protection of Charlemagne who then restored him as pope, crowned Charlemagne emperor.